Kirkuk university experts expressed fears of the depletion of the northern oil and the dangers of reducing oil prices. An elongated, northwestsoutheast oriented structure over 100 kilometers long and up to 4 kilometers wide quality. In 2003, shell supported the ministry of oil in iraq by conducting detailed reservoir studies under the memoranda of understanding that had been signed for the kirkuk oilfield and those in the missan region. During this age, a thick succession of shallow platform carbonates. The petroleum geology of the precretaceous in abu dhabi is a subject of another. Ultimate recovery from the giant fields of iraq is estimated to be 85 boe.
Close mobile search navigation modify your advanced search. The kirkuk oil field is one of the giant oilfields and the second largest iraqi field with an estimated 38, 045 mmbo million barrel of oil of oil in place reserves alrawi, 2015. Iraq is redeveloping its oil and natural gas resources after years of sanctions and wars. This study presents comprehensive organic petrographic and mineralogical investigations of the dispersed organic matter and rockforming minerals of the tithonianberriasian chia gara formation intersected by the kirkuk well k109 drilled in the giant kirkuk oil field, ne iraq. Mar 12, 2020 paleokarst features are rarely preserved in geologic history due to terrestrial erosion and later burial diagenetic changes. Robert hall who allowed me access to the computing facilities. Sadooni scientific press ltd 2010 this book on one of the most important and prolific petroleum countries in the world reflects the varied and deep experience of. The main reservoir is the mishrif which produces heavy oil, although oil is produced from several different formations. This article summarizes the geohistory of bai hassan and kirkuk oil fields at five oil. Korea national oil corporation middle east knoc, dubai, uae 20102011.
They are accompanied by the other illustrations in pdf format, with appropriate links. Seizure of kirkuk fields sees dreams of kurdish autonomy crumble. Pdf basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected. Geographical distribution of iraqi oil fields and its relation with the new constitution. Middle east and north africa oil and gas conference. The kirkuk oil field is located geographically in the centre of kirkuk and tectonically is part of the kirkuk embayment of the zagros folded thrust belt. Basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected wells in. Recovery factors and produced reserves in iraqi oil fields. Basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected wells in kirkuk and bai hassan oil fields, kirkuk, northern iraq saad s. It also gives practical guidelines as to how a production geologist can analyze the reservoir geology and fluid flow characteristics of an oil field with the aim of improving hydrocarbon recovery. Geographical distribution of iraqi oil fields and its. Defining zagros structural domains in the kurdistan region. Basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected wells in kirkuk and bai hassan oil fields, kirkuk, northern iraq. Northern iraqs oil field and pipeline map and krgs oil production 2015.
Appraisal and development of the taq taq field, kurdistan. Oil exports from the kurdistan region of iraq have grown from zero to over 185,000 bopd and plan to exceed 200,000 bopd by end 2011 westernzagros has 2 very prospective pscs in the region with 2 significant discoveries sarqala, kurdamir this area was primarily selected by. The central portion of iraq is the mesopotamian foredeep, an area of relatively deepwater deposition in the mesozoic and cenozoic that formed in front of, and which is less deformed than, the zagros foldbelt figure 6. It has ever since remained the most important part of northern iraqi oil production with over 10 billion. Iraq will deploy troops to regain full control of the kirkuk oil area and fields surrounding it to restart production suspended by the semiautonomous region of krg, a senior iraqi oil official in baghdad told reuters.
After eight decades in operation, and many reservoir problems, kirkuk still produces 0. The kirkuk blend is primarily produced in the kirkuk area fields, but during the years, other northern fields have contributed to the grade. In 2005, shell, mitsubishi and the iraqi ministry of oil started. Now controlled by kurds, kirkuk oil fields are up for grabs. Iraq hopes that the kirkuk field could soon produce 1 million barrels of oil per day, with the necessary investment, pressure maintenance, and repairs to its infrastructure. The kirkuk grade, which was traditionally exported through the ceyhan terminal in turkey is a 34. Solid bitumen, bituminite and thermal maturity of the upper. Krg ceases operations at major oil fields near kirkuk.
Order code rs21626 updated april, 2005 crs report for congress. However, 94% of known oil is concentrated in fewer than 1500 giant and major fields. Basin analysis geohistory is carried out on the cretaceous to tertiary succession in five wells at kirkuk and bai hassan oil fields during the aptian to the recent. Reserves, production, and potential revenues lawrence kumins specialist in energy policy resources, science, and industry division summary iraqs potential oil wealth remains largely unrealized. The khurmala dome is the northern section of the kirkuk field and is located 35 kilometres southwest of erbil, the capital of the kurdistan region of iraq. It has been under the control of the kurdistan regional government krg since 2007. But it should be clear that kirkuk is a mature oil field in the last stage of its productive life. Structural sketch map of kirkuk field, northern iraq after dunnington, 1958. The megaseismic lines are each accompanied by strips of surface geology, the depiction of the.
At the same time, iraq must keep kirkuk s oil out of the hands of the krg and any terrorist organization to. The ministry of oil in baghdad oversees oil and natural gas development and production in all but the kurdish territory through its operating entities. Many oil and gas fields occur within this zone, as shown in figure 3, including the supergiant kirkuk field. October production slides on kirkuk upheaval with major kirkuk oil fields offline due to baghdadkrg conflicts, iraq is looking to compensate with rising production from southern fields. The structures on the tikritamara trend are traps for several oil fields. Gis in an overview of iraq petroleum geology search and discovery. Kirkuk is the focus of the iraqi oil production as a result of sizable oil reserves. Substantial proven reserves exist, and there are likely more resources awaiting discovery. Pdf oil and gas fields in iraq are distributed in geographic locations with giant oil fields toward. Aapg memoir, giant oil and gas fields of the decade 19901999. Massive reservoirs of this type are observed in relatively small domeshaped reefs.
Sadooni scientific press ltd 2010 this book on one of the most important and prolific petroleum countries in the world reflects the varied and deep experience of the four authors and their respective organisations. Kirkuk field reservoirs so highly fractured and wellconnected that pressure drops over the field 100km long structure instantaneous however, other fields exhibit differential fracturing, and well productivity is far more heterogeneous masjedesulaiman, iran. The kirkuk oil field was discovered in 1927 and is the 8th largest oilfield in the world gong et al. Pdf basin analysis geohistory is carried out on the cretaceous to tertiary succession. Porosity and permeability of tight carbonate reservoir. Structures of the kirkuk embayment, northern iraq geoscienceworld. Since 2014, the difficulties caused by lower oil prices, the kri. The primary pay interval for the kirkuk field is the 1,200ftthick main limestone. Discovered in 1927, it is the 17th largest field 8th largest oil field in the world. The khabaz anticline is one of the kirkuk embayment structures located 23 km southwest of kirkuk city.
During a scientific conference held at the university, experts urged for studies that will calculate the storage of kirkuk oil wells and the produced quantities. However, a great deal remains to be done in boosting oil output further, capturing and using associated. It was discovered by the turkish petroleum company at baba gurgur in 1927. In iraq, one of the ages that preserved clear features of the paleokarsts is the oligocene. Seizure of kirkuk fields sees dreams of kurdish autonomy.
The oilfield was brought into production by the iraq petroleum company ipc in 1934 when 12inch pipelines from kirkuk to haifa and tripoli lebanon were completed. The oil rich and multiethnic city of kirkuk was the subject of longrunning dispute and is not recognised by the iraqi government as part of the autonomous kurdistan region. Before seismic and before geology, oil seeps were the oil explorationists main tool. Kirkuk oil field as one of the international super giant fields contains different. Geologic overview and petroleum systems of the greater ghawar. Mar 18, 2020 the khurmala dome is the northern section of the kirkuk field and is located 35 kilometres southwest of erbil, the capital of the kurdistan region of iraq. Iraqi security forces at the bai hassan oil field on oct.
Since 1934, the field has remained the most important producer in northern iraq, with over 8. Geologic evolution of the iraqi zagros, and its influence on the distribution of hydrocarbons in the kurdistan region joseph m. Kirkuk figures 8 and 9, the second largest iraqi field with 17 boe, is in northern iraq and the zagros province. Dec 20, 2018 halfaya is a mediumheavy oil field located in the missan province, kilometres north of basra.
Petroleum geology of the santa maria basin assessment province, california for the 1987 national assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources by caroline m. Basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected wells in kirkuk and. Target exploration, imperial college, london 160 p. This interval consists of a series of extensively fractured limestones, some porcelaneous and some dolomitized. Organic buildups tend to be found encased in marine shales andor evaporites. It explains the background to production geology in the context of oil field subsurface operations. Mahdi 2 1department of geology, college of science, university of baghdad, baghdad, iraq. The formation serves as a reservoir for oil and gas at the east. Research paper the petroleum geology of the cretaceous. Jan 01, 2010 the taq taq field is located within an anticline in the gently folded zone of the zagros mountains, northeastern iraq, approximately 50 km ese of erbil. North oil company operated assets report wood mackenzie. The north oil company noc operates several oil fields in the kirkuk province, including kirkuk, bai hassan, jambur and khabbaz.
October production slides on kirkuk upheaval iraq oil report. Oct 18, 2017 iraqi government forces remove a kurdish flag from the bai hassan oil field, west of the multiethnic northern iraqi city of kirkuk, on october 17, 2017. It was discovered in the 1970s but remained largely undeveloped until the award of a technical service contract tsc in 2010. The largest fields in the south have relatively low extraction costs as a result of uncomplicated geology, several supergiant fields, fields located in relatively unpopulated areas with flat terrain, and the close proximity of fields to coastal ports. Microfacies and depositional environment of bajawan and. There are more than 100 oil and gas fields in iraq, containing more than 7 billion barrels of recoverable oil gbo and 106 trillion cubic feet of.
Pdf petroleum systems of iraqi oil fields researchgate. The structural conditions of the kirkuk oil field, iraq, the science of petroleum, i, sect. This list of oil fields includes some major oil fields of the past and present. Defining zagros structural domains in the kurdistan region of northern iraq presented to the cspg structural geology division, calgary, february 4, 2011. Eocene limestones and dolomites at shallow depth form a subsidiary reservoir. The oil generated from the jurassic source rocks migrated vertically to fill stacked reservoir intervals in many fields. Many oil and gas fields occur within this zone, as shown in figure 3, including the super. That means that kurdistans currently known oil reserves represent about 3% of the total. Giant oil fields 1 % other oil fields 99 % number of fields urr of the giant oil fields 50% urr from other oil fields 50% daily production. The kirkuk oil area produces around 200,000 barrels per day bpd out of total kurdish production of over 600,000 bpd. Giant fields compared to other fields with respect to.
Oil field production geology geoscienceworld books. Isaacs1 openfile report 89450 c this report is preliminary and. Fractured carbonate reservoirs a geological point of view. Lunn, luke ferreira, and george yacu abstract whereas the vast majority of discovered hydrocarbon reserves in iraq reside in cretaceous and cenozoic reservoirs, numerous oil. Barrier reef reservoirs are found in major oil fields such as the oligocene to upper eocene kirkuk field of iraq or the lower cretaceous fields found in the golden lane of mexico. Microfacies and depositional environment of bajawan and baba. Porosity and permeability of tight carbonate reservoir rocks in the north of iraq. Iraq calls on bp to quickly develop disputed oilfields. Basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected wells in kirkuk and bai hassan oil fields, kirkuk, northern iraq article pdf available january 2015 with 533 reads how we measure reads. We can see that kirkuk has the highest depletion level among all fields and that most of iraqs oil elsewhere is still to be produced. Pdf basin analysis of cretaceous to tertiary selected wells. This interval consists of a series of extensively fractured limestones, some porcelaneous and. In rare cases, where karstification was intense it can be preserved by burial in areas where erosion was slow.
The taq taq field is located within an anticline in the gently folded zone of the zagros mountains, northeastern iraq, approximately 50 km ese of erbil. Unraveling the oil geopolitics intertwined in the kurdish independence referendum. Petrography and source rock potential of chia gara formation late. Depletion of kirkuk oil feared peak oil news and message boards. Before the islamic state of iraq and the levant isil invaded kirkuk was under iraqi control. The publications of the bureau of mines, which was created in 1910 to carry on investigations in connection with the waste, recovery. The kar group, a kurdistan based oil services company, operates the field. Presented to the cspg structural geology division, calgary, february 4, 2011. The original oil in place reserves of kirkuk were estimated at 38 bbo. The tertiary carbonate rocks of the kirkuk oil field in iraq have been subdivided into 18 major lithologic facies. Order code rs21626 updated april, 2005 crs report for.
Defining zagros structural domains in the kurdistan region of. The petroleum geology of the cretaceous formations in abu dhabi, united arab emirates m. Depositional and erosional features of oligocene paleokarsts. Known oil field size versus field discovery year and grown oil field size versus field discovery year for saltinvolved structural oil assessment unit 46. Paleokarst features are rarely preserved in geologic history due to terrestrial erosion and later burial diagenetic changes. It started production over 80 years ago and peaked at. Oil gas exploration risk in kurdistan region of iraq. The main reservoirs are fractured limestones and dolomites of late cretaceous age, with an oil column exceeding 500 m in thickness. Reserves, production, and potential revenues lawrence kumins. Lateral migration of oil occurred along the western margin of the mesopotamian foredeep, as proven by small fields and large seeps that are located where source rocks are absent or immature for oil or gas generation. Tawke oil field to faysh khabur 250 kbd taq taq oil field to khurmala, the northern dome of the kirkuk oil field 150 kbd khurmala to faysh khabur 700 kbd fig 3. Deposition and chemical diagenesis of tertiary carbonates, kirkuk oil field, iraq. In the governorate of kirkuk, in northern iraq, near the town of kirkuk discovery. The kirkuk field is an ageing supergiant oil field.